Is it NMOSD or Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?

Find out if it’s NMOSD or MS with a simple cell-based AQP4 antibody blood test.

You can be tested for NMOSD with a cell-based blood test, called the AQP4 antibody blood test, that looks for antibodies called AQP4-IgG. If these antibodies are found in your blood, it will confirm that you have NMOSD and not MS.

NMOSD vs MS

NMOSD MS
A single attack can cause disability Several individual attacks typically cause disability
Patients can experience permanent disability after attacks Patients often experience better recovery from attacks
Anti-
aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive* in a blood test
Anti-
aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody negative in a blood test

*Up to 80% of patients with NMOSD are AQP4 antibody positive according to a blood test, but people with MS are always negative.

BETSY’S SPECIALIST STORY

Learn More: View all Patient Stories

Video preview of Betsy's UPLIZNA and NMOSD patient journey

“I think living with NMOSD, and having a provider that you have confidence in, one that you feel comfortable with, telling that provider anything is important.”

-Betsy, UPLIZNA Patient Ambassador

Transcript

Betsy: I'm angry that this happened to me. I'm angry that I don't have control of my life anymore. I'm angry that I can't walk the way I want to. I'm angry that I can't go on a run. I can't go on a hike. I'm mad, and I think mad can be good because it pushes you.

On December 30th, 2018, I had a blazing sinus infection, and as the day progressed, I just got really, really dizzy to the point where I couldn't even stand up. At one point, I had this huge, huge flash of white light go off in my head and I just fell right over onto the floor and we called an ambulance and they brought me to the emergency department. They did a CT scan and it came back and they didn't like what they saw. And so I ended up going for an MRI and they called in a neurologist. And I had a week long stay with lots of testing. And when I left, I no longer knew how to walk with my left leg. In February of 2019, my neurologist confirmed that NMOSD is what I have. It was a devastating blow.

Narrator: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or NMOSD, is a rare, lifelong autoimmune disease caused by inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), which is made up of the optic nerve, brain stem and spinal cord. With the help of UPLIZNA for treatment, and the support of her care team, Betsy has learned how to manage her journey with NMOSD.

Betsy: The connections you make with your providers and the nurses, you're talking everybody as a whole, they just make the process so much easier at times and they're like, "It's okay. You need to cry? Go ahead. You need to yell? Go ahead." They're all like my safety net, something I could fall back on and be like, "Okay, I'm having something rough, can you guys help me out?" And they're all there. They're all willing. So you talk to them about everything. No matter how bad it is, no matter how good it is, or embarrassing or not embarrassing, because that comfortability factor, it's important to have with your provider because they're the ones who's going to direct you into what it is you should look into and address.

And I'm grateful, very, very grateful. Don't ever stay in that mad place, because then you can't be happy. No matter what, you have to move forward. Yesterday was a rough day for me, but I'm here because I don't want to stay there in that place of anger and that frustration. I think it's important that you live your best life and you sparkle, because I want everybody to sparkle. I think that everybody needs to smile. You're not alone. No matter how rare it is, there are people out there who will help you. There are people who will help guide you. And it's not the end and you don't need to be sad all the time.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who are anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive.

It is not known if UPLIZNA is safe or effective in children.

Who should not receive UPLIZNA?

You should not receive UPLIZNA if you have:

  • had a life-threatening infusion reaction to UPLIZNA.
  • an active hepatitis B virus infection.
  • active or untreated inactive (latent) tuberculosis.

Before receiving UPLIZNA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have or think you have an infection.
  • have ever taken, currently take, or plan to take medicines that affect your immune system, or other treatments for NMOSD. These medicines may increase your risk of getting an infection.
  • have or have ever had hepatitis B or are a carrier of the hepatitis B virus.
  • have or have ever had tuberculosis.
  • have had a recent vaccination or are scheduled to receive any vaccinations. You should receive any required vaccines at least 4 weeks before you start treatment with UPLIZNA.
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if UPLIZNA will harm your unborn baby. Females should use birth control (contraception) during treatment with UPLIZNA and for 6 months after your last infusion of UPLIZNA.
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if UPLIZNA passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive UPLIZNA.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

Infusion reactions. UPLIZNA can cause infusion reactions that can be serious or may cause you to be hospitalized. You will be monitored during your infusion and for at least 1 hour after each infusion of UPLIZNA for signs and symptoms of an infusion reaction. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:

  • headache
  • sleepiness
  • fever
  • rash
  • nausea
  • shortness of breath
  • muscle aches

If you develop an infusion reaction, your healthcare provider may need to stop or slow down the rate of your infusion and treat your symptoms.

Infections. Infections can happen during treatment with UPLIZNA. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have an infection or get any of these symptoms:

  • painful and frequent urination
  • nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, fever, chills, cough, body aches
  • UPLIZNA taken before or after other medicines that weaken the immune system may increase your risk of getting infections.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check for hepatitis B viral infection. If you have ever had hepatitis B virus infection, the hepatitis B virus may become active again during or after treatment with UPLIZNA. Hepatitis B virus becoming active again (called reactivation) may cause serious liver problems, including liver failure or death. Your healthcare provider will monitor you if you are at risk for hepatitis B virus reactivation during treatment and after you stop receiving UPLIZNA.
  • Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). PML may happen with UPLIZNA. PML is a rare brain infection that leads to death or severe disability. Symptoms of PML may get worse over days to weeks. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:
    • weakness on one side of the body
    • changes in your vision
    • confusion
    • loss of coordination in your arms and legs
    • changes in thinking or memory
    • changes in your personality
  • Tuberculosis (TB). TB is caused by an infection in the lungs. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will check to see if you are at risk for getting TB or have ever had TB.
  • Vaccinations. Certain vaccines, called “live” or “live attenuated” vaccines, are not recommended in people receiving UPLIZNA. Talk to your healthcare provider before receiving any vaccinations. If you have a baby and you were receiving UPLIZNA during pregnancy, it is important to tell your baby’s healthcare provider about your UPLIZNA use so they can decide when your baby should receive any vaccine.

See “What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?” for more information about side effects.

How will I receive UPLIZNA?

  • UPLIZNA is given through a needle placed in a vein (IV or intravenous infusion) in your arm.
  • Before treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will give you a corticosteroid medicine, an antihistamine, and a fever prevention medicine to help infusion reactions become less frequent and less severe. See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • Your first dose of UPLIZNA will be given as 2 separate infusions, 2 weeks apart.
  • Your next doses of UPLIZNA will be given as one infusion every 6 months.
  • Each infusion will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes. After each infusion, you will be monitored by a healthcare provider for at least 1 hour.

What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?
UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

  • See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • low blood cell counts. UPLIZNA may cause a decrease in some types of blood cells. Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your blood cell counts.

The most common side effects include urinary tract infection and joint pain.
These are not all the possible side effects of UPLIZNA.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Find the right specialist to
speak with about NMOSD

SEARCH FOR SPECIALISTS

Where are you in your
treatment journey for NMOSD?

ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who are anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive.

It is not known if UPLIZNA is safe or effective in children.

Who should not receive UPLIZNA?

You should not receive UPLIZNA if you have:

  • had a life-threatening infusion reaction to UPLIZNA.
  • an active hepatitis B virus infection.
  • active or untreated inactive (latent) tuberculosis.

Before receiving UPLIZNA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have or think you have an infection.
  • have ever taken, currently take, or plan to take medicines that affect your immune system, or other treatments for NMOSD. These medicines may increase your risk of getting an infection.
  • have or have ever had hepatitis B or are a carrier of the hepatitis B virus.
  • have or have ever had tuberculosis.
  • have had a recent vaccination or are scheduled to receive any vaccinations. You should receive any required vaccines at least 4 weeks before you start treatment with UPLIZNA.
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if UPLIZNA will harm your unborn baby. Females should use birth control (contraception) during treatment with UPLIZNA and for 6 months after your last infusion of UPLIZNA.
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if UPLIZNA passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive UPLIZNA.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

Infusion reactions. UPLIZNA can cause infusion reactions that can be serious or may cause you to be hospitalized. You will be monitored during your infusion and for at least 1 hour after each infusion of UPLIZNA for signs and symptoms of an infusion reaction. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:

  • headache
  • sleepiness
  • fever
  • rash
  • nausea
  • shortness of breath
  • muscle aches

If you develop an infusion reaction, your healthcare provider may need to stop or slow down the rate of your infusion and treat your symptoms.

Infections. Infections can happen during treatment with UPLIZNA. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have an infection or get any of these symptoms:

    • painful and frequent urination
    • nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, fever, chills, cough, body aches
  • UPLIZNA taken before or after other medicines that weaken the immune system may increase your risk of getting infections.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check for hepatitis B viral infection. If you have ever had hepatitis B virus infection, the hepatitis B virus may become active again during or after treatment with UPLIZNA. Hepatitis B virus becoming active again (called reactivation) may cause serious liver problems, including liver failure or death. Your healthcare provider will monitor you if you are at risk for hepatitis B virus reactivation during treatment and after you stop receiving UPLIZNA.
  • Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). PML may happen with UPLIZNA. PML is a rare brain infection that leads to death or severe disability. Symptoms of PML may get worse over days to weeks. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:
    • weakness on one side of the body
    • changes in your vision
    • confusion
    • loss of coordination in your arms and legs
    • changes in thinking or memory
    • changes in your personality
  • Tuberculosis (TB). TB is caused by an infection in the lungs. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will check to see if you are at risk for getting TB or have ever had TB.
  • Vaccinations. Certain vaccines, called “live” or “live attenuated” vaccines, are not recommended in people receiving UPLIZNA. Talk to your healthcare provider before receiving any vaccinations. If you have a baby and you were receiving UPLIZNA during pregnancy, it is important to tell your baby’s healthcare provider about your UPLIZNA use so they can decide when your baby should receive any vaccine.

See “What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?” for more information about side effects.

How will I receive UPLIZNA?

  • UPLIZNA is given through a needle placed in a vein (IV or intravenous infusion) in your arm.
  • Before treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will give you a corticosteroid medicine, an antihistamine, and a fever prevention medicine to help infusion reactions become less frequent and less severe. See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • Your first dose of UPLIZNA will be given as 2 separate infusions, 2 weeks apart.
  • Your next doses of UPLIZNA will be given as one infusion every 6 months.
  • Each infusion will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes. After each infusion, you will be monitored by a healthcare provider for at least 1 hour.

What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?
UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

  • See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • low blood cell counts. UPLIZNA may cause a decrease in some types of blood cells. Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your blood cell counts.

The most common side effects include urinary tract infection and joint pain.
These are not all the possible side effects of UPLIZNA.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who are anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive.

It is not known if UPLIZNA is safe or effective in children.

Who should not receive UPLIZNA?

You should not receive UPLIZNA if you have:

  • had a life-threatening infusion reaction to UPLIZNA.
  • an active hepatitis B virus infection.
  • active or untreated inactive (latent) tuberculosis.

Before receiving UPLIZNA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have or think you have an infection.
  • have ever taken, currently take, or plan to take medicines that affect your immune system, or other treatments for NMOSD. These medicines may increase your risk of getting an infection.
  • have or have ever had hepatitis B or are a carrier of the hepatitis B virus.
  • have or have ever had tuberculosis.
  • have had a recent vaccination or are scheduled to receive any vaccinations. You should receive any required vaccines at least 4 weeks before you start treatment with UPLIZNA.
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if UPLIZNA will harm your unborn baby. Females should use birth control (contraception) during treatment with UPLIZNA and for 6 months after your last infusion of UPLIZNA.
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if UPLIZNA passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive UPLIZNA.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?

UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

Infusion reactions. UPLIZNA can cause infusion reactions that can be serious or may cause you to be hospitalized. You will be monitored during your infusion and for at least 1 hour after each infusion of UPLIZNA for signs and symptoms of an infusion reaction. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:

  • headache
  • sleepiness
  • fever
  • rash
  • nausea
  • shortness of breath
  • muscle aches

If you develop an infusion reaction, your healthcare provider may need to stop or slow down the rate of your infusion and treat your symptoms.

Infections. Infections can happen during treatment with UPLIZNA. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have an infection or get any of these symptoms:

    • painful and frequent urination
    • nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, fever, chills, cough, body aches
  • UPLIZNA taken before or after other medicines that weaken the immune system may increase your risk of getting infections.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check for hepatitis B viral infection. If you have ever had hepatitis B virus infection, the hepatitis B virus may become active again during or after treatment with UPLIZNA. Hepatitis B virus becoming active again (called reactivation) may cause serious liver problems, including liver failure or death. Your healthcare provider will monitor you if you are at risk for hepatitis B virus reactivation during treatment and after you stop receiving UPLIZNA.
  • Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). PML may happen with UPLIZNA. PML is a rare brain infection that leads to death or severe disability. Symptoms of PML may get worse over days to weeks. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:
    • weakness on one side of the body
    • changes in your vision
    • confusion
    • loss of coordination in your arms and legs
    • changes in thinking or memory
    • changes in your personality
  • Tuberculosis (TB). TB is caused by an infection in the lungs. Before starting treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will check to see if you are at risk for getting TB or have ever had TB.
  • Vaccinations. Certain vaccines, called “live” or “live attenuated” vaccines, are not recommended in people receiving UPLIZNA. Talk to your healthcare provider before receiving any vaccinations. If you have a baby and you were receiving UPLIZNA during pregnancy, it is important to tell your baby’s healthcare provider about your UPLIZNA use so they can decide when your baby should receive any vaccine.

See “What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?” for more information about side effects.

How will I receive UPLIZNA?

  • UPLIZNA is given through a needle placed in a vein (IV or intravenous infusion) in your arm.
  • Before treatment with UPLIZNA, your healthcare provider will give you a corticosteroid medicine, an antihistamine, and a fever prevention medicine to help infusion reactions become less frequent and less severe. See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • Your first dose of UPLIZNA will be given as 2 separate infusions, 2 weeks apart.
  • Your next doses of UPLIZNA will be given as one infusion every 6 months.
  • Each infusion will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes. After each infusion, you will be monitored by a healthcare provider for at least 1 hour.

What are the possible side effects of UPLIZNA?
UPLIZNA may cause serious side effects, including:

  • See “What is the most important information I should know about UPLIZNA?”
  • low blood cell counts. UPLIZNA may cause a decrease in some types of blood cells. Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your blood cell counts.

The most common side effects include urinary tract infection and joint pain.
These are not all the possible side effects of UPLIZNA.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.